Carter enlisted in Co. G of the 38th VA Infantry on May 18, 1861 as a sergeant. In January 1862, he applied for a commission as lieutenant or captain. Carter indicated in his letter requesting promotion that "circumstances are so unpleasant as to utterly preclude the possibility of my reenlisting in my present company." He remained with the company and was promoted to 2nd lieutenant on April 29, 1862 and to 1st lieutenant on November 15, 1863. In the late summer of 1864, he was admitted to Chimborazo Hospital in Richmond, VA with onychia and paronychia, which are inflammation of the nail bed and surrounding area due to infection. He returned to duty in October, 1864. He surrendered at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865 and is listed as commanding the company.
After the war, he returned to Mecklenburg County, VA where he was a druggist in the 1870 census. by 1880, he was a teacher and eventually became a principal in the county schools. He died September 25, 1897 and is buried in Boydton, VA in the Boydton Presbyterian Church Cemetery.
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