Archer graduated with the final class before the college closed for the duration of the war in early 1863. He enlisted as a private in Co. A of the 3rd VA Cavalry, the Boydton Cavalry, the company many of his schoolmates had already joined. He was captured near Fredericksburg, VA at the end of April, 1863 and sent first to Old Capital Prison in Washington, DC and then to Fort Delaware, DE. Archer was paroled in May, 1863. There is some evidence that he was transferred to a Georgia unit in July, 1864, but this has not yet been verified.
After the war, he attended medical school at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1869. He was practicing medicine in Chesterfield County, VA in 1870 but later moved to Texas, where he practiced in Houston for many years. Archer died on July 6, 1922 and is buried in Houston's Glenwood Cemetery.
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